Fall Anhydrous Applications: Do’s and Don’ts
It is much too early to fall apply anhydrous ammonia to meet your 2024 corn nitrogen (N) needs, but there are other factors to consider given our dry soils this fall.
It is much too early to fall apply anhydrous ammonia to meet your 2024 corn nitrogen (N) needs, but there are other factors to consider given our dry soils this fall.
It’s the time of year when farmers and retailers turn to thoughts about next year’s growing season, including fall anhydrous ammonia (NH3) applications for the next year’s corn crop. See Is it time for fall nitrogen yet?!
With rising fertilizer prices, and concerns about possible shortages, it pays to time our applications of anhydrous ammonia and manure well. When the value is high, the focus on management is even more important.
Anhydrous costs are reported to have risen to $850 or more per ton.
Fall nitrogen (N) fertilizer application continues to be popular for several reasons, including lower cost, time for application, equipment availability, often better soil conditions, and competing springtime field activities.
Because of limited fall 2018 anhydrous ammonia fertilizer application, fertilizer infrastructure including transportation, distribution, and application may be stressed this spring. A review of application equipment considerations can help ensure that your nitrogen fertilizer is properly and safely applied. This article focuses on anhydrous ammonia equipment.
It was a late harvest in fall 2018. Soils were wet and frozen when it was time to apply anhydrous ammonia. Those situations resulted in much less than normal anhydrous ammonia application last fall. Therefore, considerable anhydrous ammonia needs to be applied this spring. There is only so much capacity to switch from one nitrogen (N) fertilizer product to another. In Iowa, historically the two largest N fertilizers are anhydrous ammonia (largest) and urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution, with granulated urea a distant third.
Weather conditions this past week (April 13-17) kicked off corn planting for many farmers throughout the state. As soil temperatures rose above 50°F towards the end of the week, farmers were able to dive into fieldwork and planting corn.
See statewide planting progress and field conditions across Iowa here.
It seems that anhydrous ammonia (AA) applications and planting may fall very close together on the timeline of events this spring. This could be concerning with drying soils and lack of significant rainfall chances in the near future.
Important notes to remember:
1) Application procedures are key to avoiding injury to corn seedlings. Deep injection (6-8 inches) and a good seal on the knife track are the best ways to avoid AA placed in or movement into the root zone.
By: Mahdi Al-Kaisi
Soil tillage increases the potential for soil erosion and reduces water infiltration and subsoil recharge. Keeping crop residue on the soil surface this fall along with cover crops can increase water infiltration, reduce soil erosion, sediment and nutrient loss, contribute to soil organic matter, and improve soil quality. Here are some things to keep in mind when planning for the choice of tillage practice this fall.