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Wild carrot
Garlic mustard
Poison hemlock
Poison hemlock Conium maculatum L.
Family: Apiaceae (Parsley family)
Life cycle: Biennial
Native status: Introduced
Habitat: Pastures, roadsides, no-till fields
Musk thistle
Musk thistle Carduus nutans L.
Family: Asteraceae (Composite family)
Life cycle: Biennial
Native status: Introduced as an ornamental for its showy flowers
Habitat: Pastures, roadsides,
Bull thistle
Bull thistle Cirsium vulgare (Savi.) Tenore
Family: Asteraceae (Composite family)
Life cycle: Biennial
Native status: Introduced
Habitat: Pastures, roadsides, prairies
Common burdock
Common burdock Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh.
Family: Asteraceae (Composite family)
Life cycle: Biennial
Native status: Introduced from Europe by early immigrants.
Habitat: Pastures, disturbed areas with little competition from adjacent plants
Common mallow
Common mallow Malva neglecta Wallr.
Family: Malvaceae (mallow family)
Life cycle: Annual or biennial
Native status: Introduced,
Habitat: Low maintenance turf; landscapes; waste areas
Common mullein
Common mullein Verbascum thapsus L.
Family: Scrophulariaceae (Figwort family)
Life cycle: Biennial
Native status: Introduced from Europe
Habitat: Roadsides, waste areas, pastures
Mowing requires management to be effective
The current epidemic of wild parsnip has garnered much attention due to the toxins present in the plant. Since wild parsnip is a biennial, mowing is often recommended as a control option. The theory is that by preventing seed production, mowing can eliminate future infestations. In practice, its a little more complicated than simply mowing when convenient; mowing needs to be timed properly in order to be effective.