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While the monarch butterfly is a globally distributed species, the eastern United States population is renowned for its annual migration from the breeding range in the northeastern United States (and Canada) to overwintering sites in central Mexico.  Overwintering populations of this cohort have declined by approximately 80% over the past twenty years.  Several factors are believed to contribute to the decline, including logging at the overwintering sites, climate change, and changes in land use and agricultural practices in the summer breeding range.  In 2014

Cool conditions during planting season increase the potential for herbicide injury to seedlings due to slow emergence and reduced ability of the crop to metabolize herbicides. While herbicides may be responsible for emergence issues, most problems that have been brought to our attention seem to be primarily due to the environmental conditions rather than the herbicide.