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By Mark Hanna, Department Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering ; and Mahdi Al-Kaisi, Department of Agronomy 

Last fall wet soil conditions during harvest time created unavoidable soil destruction and significant soil scars or ruts. Most likely significant soil compaction took place as the ruts were made. The wheel ruts remaining from harvest and general irregularities after primary fall tillage often lead growers to consider spring tillage to level the soil for subsequent planting operations.